Variance simulator

Poker Downswing & Variance Calculator

Run a local Monte Carlo poker variance simulation and see how often a winning player can still finish down.

The simulator uses 100-hand blocks, your win rate, your standard deviation, and the number of hands you enter. It runs in your browser and caps large simulations so the page stays responsive.

Poker Stack

Poker variance is unavoidable. Losing track of your bankroll is not.

Poker Stack helps you track sessions, bankroll movement, stakes, and long-term results when variance makes the short term hard to read.

Download Poker Stack on the App Store

What the poker variance calculator simulates

The simulator breaks the sample into 100-hand blocks. For each block it draws a result from a normal distribution with your entered win rate and standard deviation. It repeats that process thousands of times, then reports the distribution of possible outcomes.

The default win rate is 5 BB/100, the default standard deviation is 80 BB/100, and the default sample is 50,000 hands. That creates expected winnings of 2,500 big blinds, but the final result can still vary widely. With those inputs, the theoretical final standard deviation is about 1,789 big blinds.

Being a winning player does not mean you will win over every sample

A player beating a game for 5 BB/100 has a real edge. That edge still has to pass through all-in pots, coolers, bad runouts, table selection, fatigue, rake, and normal card distribution. Over a short sample, variance can be louder than skill.

This is why bankroll management matters. A bankroll is not proof that you will win. It is the cushion that lets a reasonable edge survive the stretches where results do not match decisions.

How to read the percentiles

The median is the middle simulated outcome. The 5th percentile is a rough bad-case result where only five percent of simulations finished worse. The 95th percentile is the opposite side of the distribution. Downswing probabilities look at peak-to-trough drops inside the sample, not only the final result.

Questions players ask

FAQ

Why do winning poker players have downswings?

Poker outcomes are noisy because good decisions can still lose individual pots, sessions, and long samples. A positive win rate improves the average result, but it does not remove short-term variance.

How long can a poker downswing last?

It depends on win rate, standard deviation, volume, and game type. A small edge with high variance can produce very long losing stretches, even when the player is genuinely winning.

What is standard deviation in poker?

Standard deviation measures how widely results swing around the average. In online cash games it is often expressed in BB/100. Higher standard deviation means wider possible results over the same number of hands.

Can a winning player lose over 100,000 hands?

Yes. It is less likely for a player with a strong edge and lower variance, but it is absolutely possible. Being a winning player does not mean you will win over every sample.

Poker Stack

When variance hits, your records matter more.

Poker Stack gives you a consistent session record so you can separate a downswing from a tracking mess.

Download Poker Stack on the App Store

These tools provide mathematical estimates for informational purposes. Poker involves variance and financial risk. Past results do not guarantee future results.